When Global Food Supply Is Adequate but Food Insecurity Persists

Food can be physically available in markets while many households still struggle to obtain an adequate diet. The difference lies in access, affordability, purchasing power, distribution, and the cost of nutritious food.

This analysis examines why adequate aggregate food supply does not automatically eliminate food insecurity, and how income constraints, local access, diet affordability, market structure, and household purchasing power shape the commercial and institutional performance of food systems.