When Industrial Policy Changes Market Access

This research examines how industrial policy influences market access by changing the conditions under which businesses compete for contracts, qualify for government incentives, and participate in strategically important industries. Drawing on evidence from OECD research, European Union regulations, and the United States CHIPS programme, it explores how procurement requirements, regulatory obligations, and public financial support affect commercial participation.

The research highlights the distinction between market demand and a company's practical ability to pursue commercial opportunities. It considers how policy-defined eligibility, compliance costs, and investment restrictions influence business decisions and competitive positioning, while recognizing that access to incentives or public contracts does not guarantee profitability, industrial competitiveness, or successful investment outcomes.